Independence Celebration for the Creation of Southern Sudan

Guests at the new Republic of South Sudan Independence celebrations in Juba, South Sudan, on July 9 2011. (Jenn Warren/USAID)

"Today is a reminder that after the darkness of war, the light of a new dawn is possible. A proud flag flies over Juba and the map of the world has been redrawn... Together, we can ensure that today marks another step forward in Africa's long journey toward opportunity, democracy and justice." - President Barack Obama

"Independence presents a new beginning for the people of South Sudan; an opportunity to build a nation that embodies the values and aspirations of its people. The challenges are many, but the South Sudanese people have demonstrated their capacity to overcome great odds." - Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton

"For South Sudan, independence is not a gift that you were given. Independence is a prize that you have won." - Ambassador Susan E. Rice

Steps to the Referendum

A Bari community member holds the flag of southern Sudan during celebrations on the eve of their declaration of independence in Juba, southern Sudan, Friday, July 8, 2011. (AP Photo/David Azia)

The United States has been deeply engaged in Sudan, having led international efforts to broker the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement and assist in the Referendum on independence for South Sudan. The United States has worked closely with the Southern Sudan Referendum Commission (SSRC) and international partners to achieve a transparent and successful outcome. The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) between the two regions of Sudan was signed in January of 2005, ending decades of civil war. An independence movement was furthered by the South Sudan Referendum from January 8- 15, 2011. According to section 41(2) of the Southern Sudan Referendum Act "the Southern Referendum shall be deemed legal if at least 60% of the registered voters cast their vote," meaning that 2,359,553 votes were necessary in order for the referendum to be declared legal. The referendum passed with 3,792,518 in favor of independence. Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir stated that he would accept the outcome of the vote. The Republic of South Sudan became a sovereign state on July 9, 2011.